An array is a data structure that stores a sequence of values contiguously. Contiguously means that the data are stored in consecutive memory locations with no gaps. Access data elements in arrays are fast and direct.
C++ provides three types arrays: C-style arrays, std::vector container class, and std::array container class.
C-style arrays, as name suggests, came from C language. std::vector is the array container class introduced in C++03. std::array was introduced in C++11 as a direct replacement for C-style arrays.